ROBOTICS IN ORTHOPAEDICS

Robotics in Orthopaedics = using robotic-assisted systems to help surgeons plan and perform bone/joint surgeries with higher precision.

Where it’s used most:
Joint replacement – Knee and hip arthroplasty are the big ones

Systems: MAKO, ROSA Knee, NAVIO, CORI

Role: Guides bone cuts within 0.5mm, balances ligaments, matches the patient’s anatomy

Spine surgery – Pedicle screw placement

Systems: Mazor X, ExcelsiusGPS

Role: Plans screw trajectory using CT, then robot holds the exact path to reduce breach risk

Trauma – Fracture reduction and intramedullary nailing

Still emerging, but helps align bones with less radiation

Why surgeons use it:
Precision: Sub-millimeter accuracy vs. freehand
Personalization: Pre-op CT creates a 3D plan tailored to the patient
Data: Tracks ligament tension, range of motion, and alignment in real time
Consistency: Reduces outliers in implant positioning

What it doesn’t do: The robot doesn’t operate alone. The surgeon still makes all decisions and does the cutting — the robot is an “intelligent tool” that prevents deviations from the plan.

Impact on patients: Studies show lower blood loss, better implant alignment, and potentially faster recovery, but long-term outcomes vs. expert manual surgery are still being tracked.

In PH context: Still limited to major Manila/Cebu centers due to cost. Each robot is $1M+ plus disposables per case. PhilHealth doesn’t cover the robot fee yet, so it’s usually cash/hMO.

ZP